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Orthopedic- Basic Anatomy
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Anatomy of a Joint
Anatomy of a Joint Click Image to Enlarge Joints are the areas where two or more bones meet. Most joints are mobile, allowing the bones to move. Joints consist of the following: Cartilage. A type of tissue that covers the surface of a bone at a joint. Cartilage helps reduce the friction of movement within a joint. Synovial membrane. A tissue called the synovial membrane lines the joint and seals it into a joint capsule. The synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid (a clear, sticky fluid) around the joi...
Anatomy of the Bone
Anatomy of the Bone What is bone? Bone is living tissue that makes up the body's skeleton. There are three types of bone tissue, including the following: Compact tissue. The harder, outer tissue of bones. Cancellous tissue. The sponge-like tissue inside bones. Subchondral tissue. The smooth tissue at the ends of bones, which is covered with another type of tissue called cartilage. Cartilage is the specialized, gristly connective tissue that is present in adults, and the tissue from which most bones deve...
Anatomy of the Elbow
Anatomy of the Elbow Click Image to Enlarge The elbow is a hinge joint between the lower end of the humerus bone in the upper arm and the upper end of the radius and ulnar bones in the lower arm. The arm is bent and rotated at the elbow by the biceps muscles in the upper arm. Ligaments located at the front, back, and sides of the elbow help stabilize the joint.
Anatomy of the Foot
Anatomy of the Foot Click Image to Enlarge The foot is one of the most complex parts of the body, consisting of 28 bones connected by numerous joints, muscles, tendons, and ligaments. The foot is susceptible to many stresses. Foot pain and problems can cause pain and inflammation, resulting in limited movement and mobility.
Anatomy of the Knee
Anatomy of the Knee Click Image to Enlarge The knee is a vulnerable joint that bears a great deal of stress from everyday activities such as lifting and kneeling, and from high-impact activities such as jogging and aerobics. The knee is formed by the following parts: Tibia. Shin bone or larger bone of the lower leg Femur. Thighbone or upper leg bone Patella. Kneecap Each bone end is covered with a layer of cartilage that absorbs shock and protects the knee. Basically, the knee is two long leg bones held...
Anatomy of the Male and Female Pelvis
Anatomy of the Male and Female Pelvis Click Image to Enlarge The pelvis is a basin-shaped structure that supports the spinal column and protects the abdominal organs. It contains the following: Sacrum. A spade-shaped bone that is formed by the fusion of five originally separate sacral vertebrae. Coccyx (also called the tail bone). Formed by the fusion of four originally separated coccygeal bones. Three hip bones . These include the following: Ilium. The broad, flaring portion of the hip bone (the crest ...
Anatomy of the Shoulder
Anatomy of the Shoulder Click Image to Enlarge The shoulder is made up of several layers, including the following: Bones. The collarbone (clavicle), the shoulder blade (scapula), and the upper arm bone (humerus). Joints. Facilitate movement, including the following: Sternoclavicular joint (where the clavicle meets the sternum) Acromioclavicular (AC) joint (where the clavicle meets the acromion) Shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint). A ball-and-socket joint that facilitates forward, circular, and backward ...
Anatomy of the Spine
Anatomy of the Spine Click Image to Enlarge The vertebral column, also called the backbone, is made up of 33 vertebrae that are separated by spongy disks and classified into four distinct areas. The cervical area consists of seven bony parts in the neck; the thoracic spine consists of 12 bony parts in the back area; the lumbar spine consists of five bony segments in the lower back area; five sacral* bones; and four coccygeal* bones (the number of coccygeal bones can vary from five to three). (* By adult...
Anatomy of the Hand
Anatomy of the Hand The hand is composed of many different bones, muscles, and ligaments that allow for a large amount of movement and dexterity. There are three major types of bones in the hand itself, including the following: Click Image to Enlarge Phalanges - the 14 bones that are found in the fingers of each hand and also in the toes of each foot. Each finger has three phalanges (the distal, middle, and proximal); the thumb only has two. Metacarpal bones - the five bones that compose the middle part...
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SEARCH HEALTH LIBRARY
FIND A PHYSICIAN
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South Lake Tahoe, CA
96150
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