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Diseases & Conditions- Adult Health Library
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Dermatology
Acne
Acne What is acne? Acne is a disorder of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands. The glands become clogged, leading to pimples and cysts. Acne is very common--people of all races and ages have acne. In fact, the majority of individuals in the U.S. between 11 and 30 years old will be affected by this condition. Even people in their forties and fifties can have acne. However, acne most often begins in puberty. During puberty, the male sex hormones (androgens) increase in both boys and girls, causing the ...
Acne Scar Removal
Acne Scar Removal Treatment for acne scars: Specific dermatological procedures to minimize acne scars will be determined by your physician based on: Your age, overall health, and medical history Severity of the scar Type of scar Your tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies Your opinion or preference Although acne often is a chronic condition, even if it occurs only during adolescence, acne can leave life-long scars. Acne scars typically look like "ice pick" pit scars or craterlike s...
Anatomy of the Skin
Anatomy of the Skin Click Image to Enlarge Facts about the skin The skin is the body's largest organ, covering the entire body. In addition to serving as a protective shield against heat, light, injury, and infection, the skin also: Regulates body temperature. Stores water and fat. Is a sensory organ. Prevents water loss. Prevents entry of bacteria. Throughout the body, the skin's characteristics vary (i.e., thickness, color, texture). For instance, the head contains more hair follicles than anywhere el...
Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)
Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema) What is atopic dermatitis (AD or Eczema)? Atopic dermatitis (AD), also called eczema, is a hereditary and chronic skin disorder that mostly affects infants or very young children, and may last until the child reaches adolescence or adulthood. Eczema causes the skin to itch, turn red, and flake. Parents with eczema are more likely to have children with eczema. However, the exact way it passes from parents to children is not known. Of children who have eczema, most will show sig...
Bacterial Skin Infections
Bacterial Skin Infections The skin is the body's first barrier against bacteria that cause infections. Even though many bacteria live on the surface of our skin, healthy skin can usually protect us from infection. However, bacterial skin infections can affect a small spot or may spread, affecting a large area. They can range from a treatable infection to a life-threatening skin condition. Many types of bacterial skin infections require clinical care by a physician or other health care professional. List...
Baldness (Alopecia)
Baldness (Alopecia) What is baldness? Baldness, also known as alopecia, is hair loss, or absence of hair. Baldness is usually most noticeable on the scalp, but can occur anywhere on the body where hair grows. The condition is more common in men than in women. What causes hair loss? Hair loss is believed to be primarily caused by a combination of the following: Aging Change in hormones Illness Family history of baldness Burns Trauma Untreated ringworm of the scalp Deficiency in iron or protein intake Exc...
Bed Sores
Bed Sores What are bed sores? Bed sores (also known as pressure sores or decubitus ulcers) can occur when a person is bedridden, unconscious, unable to sense pain, or immobile. Bed sores are ulcers that occur on areas of the skin that are under pressure from lying in bed, sitting in a wheelchair, and/or wearing a cast for a prolonged period of time. Bed sores can be a serious problem among frail older adults. Their occurrence is related to the quality of care the person receives. If the person is not tu...
Birthmarks
Birthmarks What are birthmarks? Birthmarks are areas of discolored and/or raised skin that are apparent at birth or within a few weeks of birth. Birthmarks are made up of malformed pigment cells or blood vessels. About 10 in every 100 babies have vascular birthmarks (birthmarks made up of blood vessels). Although the cause of birthmarks is not known, most of them are benign (non-cancerous) and do not require treatment. Babies with birthmarks should be examined and diagnosed by a physician. What are the ...
Blisters
Blisters What is a blister? A blister is a bump on the skin containing fluid. Blisters are usually circular in shape. The fluid that forms underneath the skin can be bloody or clear. What causes a blister? Blisters are caused by injury, allergic reactions, or infections, which may include the following: Burns/scalds Sunburns Friction (from a shoe, for example) Eczema (also known as atopic dermatitis) Impetigo--a contagious infection of the skin Pemphigus--a rare, blistering skin disease often occurring ...
Calluses and Corns
Calluses and Corns What are calluses and corns? Calluses are protective pads made up of the thickened upper layer of skin due to repeated rubbing of the area. Corns are small calluses that develop on the top of the toes due to pressure or rubbing against shoes or other toes. Treatment for calluses and corns: Calluses are usually painless, but corns can be quite painful. Sometimes, corns are confused with warts. Calluses can be avoided by removing the source of the rubbing and thinning the callus with a ...
Candidiasis (Yeast Infection)
Candidiasis (Yeast Infection) What is candidiasis? Candidiasis, sometimes called moniliasis or a yeast infection, is an infection caused by yeast on the skin and/or mucous membranes. Although yeast is normally a harmless inhabitant of the digestive system and vaginal area, it may cause an infection when the skin is damaged, when conditions are warm and humid, and/or when a person has a depressed immune system. Antibiotics can also cause yeast to grow, because the normal bacteria in tissues are killed, l...
Cellulitis
Cellulitis What is cellulitis? Cellulitis is a deep bacterial infection of the skin. The infection usually involves the face, or the arms and legs. Cellulitis may happen in normal skin, but it usually occurs after some type of trauma causes an opening in your skin. This opening can lead to an infection. What is the cause of cellulitis? Cellulitis is usually caused by a bacterial infection of a wound or area of skin that is no longer intact. The most common bacterial causes of cellulitis include the foll...
Chemical Peel
Chemical Peel What is a chemical peel? Chemical peeling uses a chemical solution to improve the skin's appearance. It can reduce or eliminate fine lines under the eyes and around the mouth, correct uneven skin pigmentation, remove precancerous skin growths, and soften acne or treat scars caused by acne. The procedure can also treat wrinkles caused by sun damage and scarring, as well as skin blemishes common with age and heredity. Chemical peels can be performed on the face, neck, chest, hands, arms, and...
Cold Sores
Cold Sores What are cold sores? Cold sores are small blisters around the mouth, caused by the herpes simplex virus. The most common strain of the virus is herpes simplex virus 1. Herpes simplex is not curable, but may lie dormant for long periods of time. Episodes of the cold sores last no longer than two weeks. Hot sun, cold wind, a cold, or a depressed immune system can cause an outbreak of herpes simplex virus. What are the symptoms of cold sores? Some people never experience any symptoms with the fi...
Common Dermatological Procedures
Common Dermatological Procedures The skin, the largest organ of the body, helps define a person's look. Any unsightly skin appearance, such as scarring, can affect both mental and physical well-being. In addition, because the skin is on the outside of the body, it is more susceptible to growths, discolorations, and disease. Many different dermatological procedures are designed to improve the condition or appearance of the skin. Listed in the directory below are some, for which we have provided a brief o...
Common Skin Disorders
Common Skin Disorders Many common skin disorders require the clinical care of a physician or other health care professional. Listed in the directory below are some, for which we have provided a brief overview. Acne Bed Sores Dry Skin Calluses and Corns Keratosis Pilaris Psoriasis Pityriasis Rosea Rosacea Sebaceous Cysts
Contact Dermatitis
Contact Dermatitis What is contact dermatitis? Contact dermatitis is a physiological reaction that occurs after skin comes in contact with certain substances. The majority of these reactions are caused by irritants to the skin. The remaining reactions are caused by allergens, which trigger an allergic response. In allergic reactions, the reaction may not start until after several days. Contact dermatitis caused by an irritant that is not an allergic response occurs from direct contact with the irritant....
Creeping Eruption
Creeping Eruption What is creeping eruption? Creeping eruption is a skin infection caused by hookworms, which normally are found in dogs and cats. The parasite spreads to humans through skin contact with the eggs found in dog and cat feces on the ground. Characterized by severe itching, the infection usually appears on the feet, legs, buttocks, or back. What are the symptoms of creeping eruption? The following are the most common symptoms of creeping eruption. However, each individual may experience sym...
Dermatitis
Dermatitis Dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin. Dermatitis actually refers to a number of skin conditions that inflame the skin. Many types of dermatitis require clinical care by a physician or other health care professional. Listed in the directory below are some, for which we have provided a brief overview. Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema) Contact Dermatitis Dermatitis Herpetiformis Generalized Exfoliative Dermatitis Seborrheic Dermatitis Other Dermatitis Conditions
Dermatitis Herpetiformis
Dermatitis Herpetiformis What is dermatitis herpetiformis? Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is an intensely pruritic (itchy) skin disease characterized by eruptions of clusters of small blisters or vesicles (small elevations of the skin containing fluid) and small bumps or papules (small, solid, elevations on the skin). Dermatitis herpetiformis usually occurs in young adults (age 20 and older). It affects more men than women, and is a life-long condition. What triggers dermatitis herpetiformis? The herpes ...
Describing a Skin Condition
Describing a Skin Condition How to describe a skin condition A physician may ask you to describe your dermatological condition and its location. Here are some of the more common terms that may help you provide a more accurate description: Atrophic Thin, wrinkled Blister Fluid-filled bump Crust/scab Formation of dried blood, pus, or other skin fluid over a break in the skin Cyst Deeply-seated lesion that contains material Excoriation A scratch Hives/wheals Pink or white swelling of the skin Lichenificati...
Drug Rashes
Drug Rashes What are drug rashes? Drug rashes are the body's reaction to a certain medication. The type of rash that occurs depends on the type of drug that is causing it. Rashes can range from mild to severe. Rashes caused by drugs can be categorized in the following groups: Rashes caused by an allergic reaction to the medication Rashes produced as an unwanted effect of a particular medication Rashes due to hypersensitivity to sunlight caused by the medication What are the different types of rashes cau...
Dry Skin
Dry Skin What is dry skin? Dry skin is a very common skin condition, usually characterized by irritated skin and itchiness. Dry skin often worsens in the winter, when the air is cold and dry. In addition, frequent bathing can aggravate dry skin. With no treatment, dry skin may become flaky or scaly. It is important to note, however, that dry skin symptoms may resemble other skin conditions, or result from other disorders such as an underactive thyroid or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Alway...
Erythema Multiforme
Erythema Multiforme What is erythema multiforme? Erythema multiforme is a skin disorder characterized by symmetrical, red, raised skin areas all over the body. These patches often look like "targets" (dark circles with purple-grey centers). The skin condition may be chronic and usually lasts for two to four weeks each time. Most often, this disorder is caused by the herpes simplex virus. Other causes may include the following: An interaction with a certain medication Other infectious diseases Certain va...
Erythema Nodosum
Erythema Nodosum What is erythema nodosum? Erythema nodosum is characterized by tender, red bumps, usually found on the shins. Quite often, erythema nodosum is not a separate disease, but, rather, a sign of some other disease, or of a sensitivity to a drug. Diseases that can cause erythema nodosum Streptococcal infections Sarcoidosis (inflammation of the lymph nodes and other organs) Leprosy Coccidioidomycosis (infection of the upper respiratory tract and lungs) Histoplasmosis (an infectious pulmonary d...
Excessive Hairiness (Hirsutism)
Excessive Hairiness (Hirsutism) What is excessive hairiness? Excessive hairiness, also known as hirsutism, is characterized by abnormal hair growth on areas of skin that are not normally hairy. Although the condition can affect both men and women, it usually only presents a problem to women. What causes excessive hairiness? Excessive hairiness tends to run in families, especially in families of Mediterranean descent. The excessive hairiness in children and women may be caused by pituitary or adrenal gla...
Excessive Sweating
Excessive Sweating (Hyperhidrosis) What is excessive sweating? Excessive sweating, also called hyperhidrosis, can affect the entire body, but usually occurs in the palms, soles, armpits, and/or groin area. Excessive sweating is normal when a person is anxious or has a fever. However, when the condition is chronic, it may signal thyroid problems, low blood sugar, nervous system disorders, or other medical problems. What are the symptoms of excessive sweating? Areas that produce excessive sweat usually ap...
Folliculitis, Boils, and Carbuncles
Folliculitis, Boils, and Carbuncles What are folliculitis, boils, and carbuncles? Folliculitis is the inflammation of hair follicles due to an infection, injury, or irritation. It is characterized by tender, swollen areas that form around hair follicles, often on the neck, breasts, buttocks, and face. Boils are pus-filled lesions that are painful and usually firm. Boils are usually located in the waist area, groin, buttocks, and under the arm. Carbuncles are clusters of boils. These are usually found on...
Fungal Infections of the Skin
Fungal Infections of the Skin Many types of fungal skin infections require clinical care by a physician or other health care professional. Listed in the directory below are some, for which we have provided a brief overview. Candidiasis (Yeast Infection) Tinea Infections (Ringworm) Tinea Versicolor
Generalized Exfoliative Dermatitis
Generalized Exfoliative Dermatitis What is generalized exfoliative dermatitis? Generalized exfoliative dermatitis is a severe inflammation of the entire skin surface due to a reaction to certain drugs, or as a result of complications from another skin condition. In some cases, lymph node cancer (lymphoma) can cause generalized exfoliative dermatitis. Often, however, no cause can be found. What are the symptoms of generalized exfoliative dermatitis? The following are the most common symptoms of generaliz...
Glossary - Dermatology
Glossary - Dermatology | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | A [return to top] Acne - a chronic disorder of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Acne is characterized by black heads, pimple outbreaks, cysts, infected abscesses, and (sometimes) scarring. Albinism - a rare, inherited disorder characterized by a total or partial lack of melanin (skin pigment) in the skin. Alopecia - bal...
Granuloma Annulare
Granuloma Annulare What is granuloma annulare? Granuloma annulare is a chronic skin condition characterized by small, raised bumps that form a ring with a normal or sunken center. The cause of granuloma annulare is unknown. The condition tends to be seen in otherwise healthy people. Sometimes it is associated with diabetes or thyroid disease. What are the symptoms of granuloma annulare? The following are the most common symptoms of granuloma annulare. However, each individual may experience symptoms dif...
Hair Problems
Hair Problems Many forms of hair problems require clinical care by a physician or other health care professional. Listed in the directory below are some, for which we have provided a brief overview. Baldness (Alopecia) Excessive Hairiness (Hirsutism) Ingrown Hairs
Home Page - Dermatology
Topic Index Anatomy of the Skin Skin Tests Describing a Skin Condition Common Dermatological Procedures Common Skin Disorders Skin Growths and Pigmentation Disorders Skin Inflammation (Rashes) Skin Injury Skin Sweating Disorders Skin Infections Scars Hair Problems Glossary The skin is the largest organ of the body, covering the entire body. As the outer protective covering of the body, it is exposed to the environment, making it vulnerable to growths, rashes, discoloration, cysts, burns, injuries, infec...
How Wounds Heal
How Wounds Heal Most of us take wound healing for granted. You get a small cut, clean and cover it with a bandage, and move on with your life. Yet under that bandage (or in the open air), the body orchestrates a complex cascade of events designed to heal wounds big and small. The basic steps of wound healing are: Stopping the bleeding (hemostasis). When your skin is cut, scraped, or punctured, you usually begin to bleed. Within minutes or even seconds, unless you have a bleeding disorder, blood cells be...
Ingrown Hairs
Ingrown Hairs What is an ingrown hair? An ingrown hair is a hair that curls and penetrates the skin with its tip, causing inflammation. Ingrown hairs are more common among people with very curly hair. Most ingrown hairs occur in the beard area. What are the symptoms of an ingrown hair? The most common symptom of an ingrown hair is inflammation of the skin, followed by pus formation. However, each individual may experience symptoms differently. The symptoms of an ingrown hair may resemble other skin cond...
Keratosis Pilaris
Keratosis Pilaris What is keratosis pilaris? Keratosis pilaris is a common skin disorder characterized by small, pointed pimples. The pimples usually appear on the upper arms, thighs, and buttocks. The condition worsens in the winter and usually clears up in the summer. Keratosis pilaris has no known cause, but tends to run in families. This disorder does not get worse over time. It is harmless, and often disappears as the person ages. Treatment for keratosis pilaris: Usually no treatment is necessary f...
Laser Surgery for Skin Conditions
Laser Surgery for Lesions and Skin Conditions There are many different types of lesions and skin conditions that can be treated with laser surgery. Your physician will decide if you are a candidate for the particular surgery. The following is a brief overview of some of the skin conditions that can be treated with laser surgery: Port-wine stains Port-wine stains are congenital (present at birth) capillary malformations. The color of this birthmark is usually pink, red, or purple. About 0.3 percent of ch...
Laser Surgery Overview
Laser Surgery Overview What is laser surgery? Laser surgery is a type of surgery that uses special light beams instead of instruments for surgical procedures. How does a laser work? The functioning of a laser goes back to Albert Einstein's quantum theory of radiation and includes other theories that help explain local tissue damage. As the light beam hits the skin, the skin may either reflect the light away, scatter the light, absorb the light, or let the light pass right through the different layers of...
Lice
Lice What are lice? Lice are tiny insects that can infest the skin anywhere on the body. Lice infection is characterized by intense itching. Lice are highly contagious, spreading from person to person by close body contact, shared clothes, and other items (such as hats, hairbrushes, and combs). There are three types of human lice: Head lice Body lice Pubic lice Facts about lice Head lice: Head lice are seen mostly in child care settings and among school-aged children. The child usually has itching in th...
Molluscum Contagiosum
Molluscum Contagiosum What is molluscum contagiosum? Molluscum contagiosum is a viral disease of the skin that causes small pink or skin-colored bumps on the skin. It is not harmful and usually does not have any other symptoms. The virus is inside the bumps and is mildly contagious. These bumps usually clear over an extended period of time. What causes molluscum contagiosum? Molluscum contagiosum is caused by a virus called the poxvirus. It is most common in children and adolescents, although it can aff...
Online Resources - Dermatology
Online Resources - Dermatology This Web was compiled from a variety of sources including the online resources listed below, but is not intended to substitute or replace the professional medical advice you receive from your health care provider. The content provided here is for informational purposes only, and was not designed to diagnose or treat a health problem or disease. Please consult your health care provider with any questions or concerns you may have regarding your condition. This page contains ...
Other Bacterial Skin Infections
Other Bacterial Skin Infections What are some common types of bacterial skin infections? The following are common bacterial skin infections: Infection Symptoms Treatment Erysipelas A skin infection caused by hemolytic streptococci, this condition usually affects the face, arms, legs, or where the skin is cut. Symptoms may include: Shiny, red, raised rash Small blisters Enlarged and tender lymph nodes Treatment may include: Penicillin Erythromycin Erythrasma A skin infection of the top layers of skin, mo...
Other Benign Skin Growths
Other Benign Skin Growths What are other benign skin growths? As a person grows older and is exposed to sunlight, the skin changes. Most people have some skin marks, such as freckles and moles, which may multiply or darken over time. What are the different types of skin growths? Skin Growth Characteristics Treatment Dermatofibromas Small, firm, red or brown bumps caused by an accumulation of fibroblasts (soft tissue cells under the skin). They often occur on the legs and may itch. Dermatofibromas can be...
Other Dermatitis Conditions
Other Dermatitis Conditions The following are some of the other common dermatitis conditions: Condition Description Symptoms Treatment Localized scratch dermatitis A chronic inflammation of the skin that usually affects more women than men, and more Asians and Native Americans than other races. The cause is unknown. The condition can occur anywhere on the skin, including the anus. Symptoms may include: Itching Dryness and scaling Dark areas from rubbing Effective treatment usually includes cessation of ...
Parasitic Infections of the Skin
Parasitic Infections of the Skin Parasites on the skin are usually small insects or worms that burrow into the skin to live there or lay their eggs. Many types of parasitic skin infections require clinical care by a physician or other health care professional. Listed in the directory below are some, for which we have provided a brief overview. Creeping Eruption Lice Scabies
Pityriasis Rosea
Pityriasis Rosea What is pityriasis rosea? Pityriasis rosea is a mild, but common, skin condition. Characterized by scaly, pink, inflamed skin, the condition can last from four to eight weeks and usually leaves no lasting marks. What causes pityriasis rosea? The cause of pityriasis rosea is not known, but it is commonly believed to be caused by a virus. It is usually seen in children, adolescents, and young adults. Most people with the rash are 10 to 35 years of age. The condition is more prevalent in s...
Poison Ivy / Poison Oak
Poison Ivy / Poison Oak What is poison ivy/poison oak? There are three native American plants that collectively may be called poison ivy: Poison ivy Poison oak Poison sumac These plants can cause an allergic reaction in nearly 85 percent of the population. To be allergic to poison ivy, you must first be "sensitized" to the oils. This means that the next time there is contact with the plant, a rash may occur. What causes an allergic reaction? The resin in the plants contains an oily substance called urus...
Pressure Ulcers
Pressure Ulcers Pressure ulcers, also called bedsores or pressure sores, can develop when you are confined to a bed or chair. When you rarely move, your body weight restricts the blood flow to your arms, legs, neck, and back. Skin cells in these areas may deteriorate until a sore appears. People who use wheelchairs for much of the day or who must stay in bed for long stretches of time are most vulnerable to this type of injury. Pressure ulcers tend to surface on parts of the body where the skin is mashe...
Prickly Heat
Prickly Heat What is prickly heat? Prickly heat is a skin rash caused by trapped sweat under the skin. Sweat can become trapped when the narrow ducts through which sweat travels to the surface become clogged. Prickly heat tends to be more common in warmer, more humid climates. The condition usually appears on the torso and thighs, especially where skin touches skin. What are the symptoms of prickly heat? The following are the most common symptoms of prickly heat. However, each individual may experience ...
Psoriasis
Psoriasis What is psoriasis? Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition characterized by inflamed, red, raised areas that often develop as silvery scales on the scalp, elbows, knees, and lower back. Psoriasis is estimated to affect 7.5 million people in the US. What causes psoriasis? The cause of psoriasis is unknown; however, it is thought to be caused by abnormally fast-growing and shedding skin cells. The skin cells multiply quickly, causing the skin to shed every three to four days. Though not contagious...
Rosacea
Rosacea What is rosacea? Rosacea is a common skin condition that usually only affects the face and eyes. Characterized by redness, pimples, and broken blood vessels, rosacea tends to begin after middle age (between the ages of 30 and 60) and is more common in fair-skinned people. The cause of rosacea is unknown. An estimated 14 million people in the U.S. have rosacea. What are the symptoms of rosacea? Rosacea often begins with easy blushing and flushing of the facial skin. Eventually, redness will persi...
Scabies
Scabies What is scabies? Scabies is an infestation of mites (tiny insects) characterized by small, red bumps and intense itching. This highly contagious infection often spreads from person to person while they are sleeping together in the same bed, or during close, personal contact. The itching is caused by the mites burrowing into the skin where they lay eggs that hatch a few days later. Scabies can affect people of all ages and social classes. It is common all over the world. Scabies occurs mostly in ...
Scars
Scars What is a scar? A scar is the body's natural way of healing and replacing lost or damaged skin. A scar is usually composed of fibrous tissue. Scars may be formed for many different reasons, including as a result of infections, surgery, injuries, or inflammation of tissue. Scars may appear anywhere on the body, and the composition of a scar may vary--appearing flat, lumpy, sunken, or colored. It may be painful or itchy. The final look of a scar depends of many factors, including the skin type and l...
Sebaceous Cysts
Sebaceous Cysts What are sebaceous cysts? Sebaceous cysts are harmless, slow-growing bumps under the skin, often appearing on the scalp, face, ears, back, or groin area. The cysts usually contain dead skin and other skin particles. Treatment for sebaceous cysts: Warm moist compresses placed over the cysts may help them drain and heal. Sebaceous cysts can usually be treated by a physician by puncturing the top and removing its contents. However, large cysts may reappear and may have to be surgically remo...
Seborrheic Dermatitis
Seborrheic Dermatitis What is seborrheic dermatitis? Seborrheic dermatitis is an inflammation of the upper layers of skin, characterized by red, itchy skin that sheds scales. A hereditary condition, seborrheic dermatitis is often aggravated by cold weather conditions. Seborrheic dermatitis is most common during: Infancy In infants, the condition is also called "cradle cap," because of its characteristic scaly appearance on the scalp. However, cradle cap can also occur in the diaper area. Seborrheic derm...
Shingles (Herpes Zoster)
Shingles (Herpes Zoster) What is shingles? Shingles, or herpes zoster, is a common viral infection of the nerves, which results in a painful rash or small blisters on an area of skin anywhere on the body. Burning or shooting pain and tingling or itching are early signs of the infection, usually located on one side of the body or face. Even after the rash is gone, the pain can continue for months, even years. Shingles is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, which causes chickenpox. A...
Skin Cancer
Skin Cancer What is skin cancer? Skin cancer is a malignant tumor that grows in the skin cells. In the US alone, more than 2 million Americans were expected to be diagnosed in 2010 with nonmelanoma skin cancer, and 68,130 were expected to be diagnosed with melanoma, according to the American Cancer Society. What are the different types of skin cancer? There are three main types of skin cancer, including: Name Description Basal cell carcinoma Basal cell carcinoma accounts for approximately 80 percent of ...
Skin Growths and Pigmentation Disorders
Skin Growths and Pigmentation Disorders Abnormal skin growths and abnormal pigmentation of the skin may be present at birth, or develop later in life. Many types of skin growths and pigmentation disorders require clinical care by a physician or other health care professional. Listed in the directory below are some, for which we have provided a brief overview. Birthmarks Other Benign Skin Growths Skin Pigment Disorders Skin Cancer Treatment for Skin Cancer
Skin Infections
Skin Infections Many types of skin infections require clinical care by a physician or other health care professional. Listed in the directory below are some, for which we have provided a brief overview. Bacterial Infections of the Skin Cellulitis Folliculitis, Boils, and Carbuncles Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome Other Bacterial Skin Infections Fungal Infections of the Skin Candidiasis (Yeast Infection) Tinea Infections (Ringworm) Tinea Versicolor Viral Infections of the Skin Cold Sores Molluscum C...
Skin Inflammation (Rashes)
Skin Inflammation (Rashes) Many types of skin inflammations (rashes) require clinical care by a physician or other health care professional. Listed in the directory below are some, for which we have provided a brief overview. Dermatitis Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema) Contact Dermatitis Dermatitis Herpetiformis Generalized Exfoliative Dermatitis Seborrheic Dermatitis Other Dermatitis Conditions Drug Rashes Erythema Multiforme Erythema Nodosum Granuloma Annulare Poison Ivy / Poison Oak Toxic Epidermal Necroly...
Skin Injury
Skin Injury External factors can harm the skin, including heat, sharp objects, ultraviolet radiation, and even excessive rubbing or pressure. Many types of skin injuries require clinical care by a physician or other health care professional. Listed in the directory below are some, for which we have provided a brief overview. Blisters Burns Sunburn
Skin Pigment Disorders
Skin Pigment Disorders What are skin pigment disorders? Skin color is determined by a pigment (melanin) made by specialized cells in the skin (melanocytes). The amount and type of melanin determines a person's skin color. What is the function of melanin? Melanin gives color to the skin, hair, and iris of the eyes. Levels of melanin depend on race and amount of sunlight exposure. Sun exposure increases melanin production - to protect the skin against harmful ultraviolet rays. In addition, hormonal change...
Skin Sweating Disorders
Skin Sweating Disorders Sweat glands under the skin produce sweat to help keep the body cool. Sweating increases with warmer temperatures, stress, or nervousness. Sweat consists of water, salt, and other chemicals produced and excreted from the body. Several sweating disorders require clinical care by a physician or other health care professional. Listed in the directory below are some, for which we have provided a brief overview. Prickly Heat Excessive Sweating
Skin Tests
Skin Tests What are skin tests? Skin tests may be performed to diagnose skin allergies, bacterial or fungal skin infections, and other diseases. Skin tests are also performed to differentiate between malignant (cancerous) cells and benign (noncancerous) growths. What are the most common skin tests? Patch testing Patch tests are used to help diagnose skin allergies. Identified allergins are applied to the skin with adhesive patches and left for a period of time. The skin is then examined for any reaction...
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome
What is staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome? Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome is a response to a toxin produced by a staphylococcal infection and is characterized by peeling skin. The disease mostly affects infants, young children, and individuals with a depressed immune system or renal insufficiency. The disease can be life threatening. What are the symptoms of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome? The following are the most common symptoms of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. However, each in...
Sunburn
Sunburn What is sunburn? Sunburn is a visible reaction of the skin's exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, the invisible rays that are part of sunlight. The signs of a sunburn may not appear for a few hours, and the full effect to your skin may take up to 24 hours to appear. Ultraviolet rays can also cause invisible damage to the skin. Excessive and/or multiple sunburns cause premature aging of the skin and lead to skin cancer. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the US, and exposure to t...
Surgical Site Infections
Surgical Site Infections Your skin is a natural barrier against infection, so any surgery that causes a break in the skin can lead to a postoperative infection. Doctors call these infections surgical site infections (SSIs) because they occur on the part of the body where the surgery took place. If you have surgery, the chances of getting an SSI are about 1 to 3 percent. Types of SSIs An SSI typically occurs within 30 days after surgery. The CDC describes three types of surgical site infections: Superfic...
Tinea Infections (Ringworm)
Tinea Infections (Ringworm) What are tinea infections (ringworm)? Different fungi, depending on their location on the body, cause ringworm. It is caused by a fungal infection--not an actual worm. Ringworm is characterized by ring-shaped, red, scaly patches with clearing centers. There is an increased risk of contracting ringworm if a person: Is malnourished Has poor hygiene Lives in a warm climate Has contact with other persons or pets that have ringworm Is immunocompromised by disease or medication Wha...
Tinea Versicolor
Tinea Versicolor What is tinea versicolor? Tinea versicolor is a common fungal skin infection characterized by lighter or darker patches on the skin. Patches are most often found on the chest or back and prevent the skin from tanning evenly. It occurs mostly in adolescence and early adulthood, but it can occur at any time. What are the symptoms of tinea versicolor? Usually, the only symptom of tinea versicolor is the white or light brown patches with well-defined borders. Patches may scale slightly, but...
Topic Index - Dermatology
Topic Index - Dermatology Dermatology Home Anatomy of the Skin Skin Tests Describing a Skin Condition Common Dermatological Procedures Acne Scar Removal Treating Aged or Sun-Damaged Skin Chemical Peel Dermabrasion / Dermaplaning Laser Surgery Overview Laser Surgery for Skin Conditions Common Skin Disorders Acne Bed Sores Dry Skin Calluses and Corns Keratosis Pilaris Psoriasis Pityriasis Rosea Rosacea Sebaceous Cysts Skin Growths and Pigmentation Disorders Birthmarks Other Benign Skin Growths Skin Pigmen...
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis What is toxic epidermal necrolysis? Toxic epidermal necrolysis is a life-threatening skin disorder characterized by a blistering and peeling of the skin. This disorder can be caused by a drug reaction--frequently antibiotics or anticonvulsives. What are the symptoms of toxic epidermal necrolysis? Toxic epidermal necrolysis causes the skin to peel in sheets, leaving large, raw areas exposed. The loss of skin allows fluids and salts to ooze from the raw, damaged areas, and these...
Treating Aged or Sun-Damaged Skin
Treating Aged or Sun-Damaged Skin What is photoaging? Excessive exposure to the sun early in life can make a person look older than he/she really is. This premature wrinkling and skin damage from sun exposure is called photoaging. Photoaging, unlike natural aging, results in coarse, dry skin; freckling and skin discoloration; leathery skin; and deep wrinkles. Treatment for sun-damaged skin To minimize the effects of photoaging: Your age, overall health, and medical history Severity of the skin damage Ty...
Treatment for Skin Cancer
Treatment for Skin Cancer Specific treatment for skin cancer will be determined by your physician based on: Your age, overall health, and medical history Location and extent of the disease Your tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies Expectations for the course of the disease Your opinion or preference There are several kinds of treatments for skin cancer, including the following: Surgery Surgery is a common treatment for skin cancer. It is used in most cases. Some types of skin can...
Venous Ulcers
Venous Ulcers When you get a cut or scrape, your body's healing process kicks in to close the wound, and in time, the wound heals. Open skin sores called ulcers, however, may not heal without proper treatment. Ulcers can affect any area of the skin but commonly occur on the legs. Leg ulcers caused by circulation problems with the veins in the legs are known as venous ulcers. Causes of venous ulcers Venous ulcers most often form around the ankles. In fact, 70 percent of all leg ulcers are in this area. V...
Viral Infections of the Skin
Viral Infections of the Skin Many types of viral skin infections require clinical care by a physician or other health care professional. Listed in the directory below are some, for which we have provided a brief overview. Cold Sores Molluscum Contagiosum Shingles (Herpes Zoster) Warts
Warts
Warts What are warts? Warts are noncancerous skin growths caused by the papillomavirus. Warts are more common in children than adults, although they can develop at any age. Warts can spread to other parts of the body and to other people. There are many different types of warts, due to many different papillomavirus types (more than 100). Warts aren't painful, except when located on the feet. Most warts go away, without treatment, over an extended period of time. Common types of warts The following are th...
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SEARCH HEALTH LIBRARY
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WELLNESS LECTURES & EVENTS
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South Lake Tahoe, CA
96150
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