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Diseases & Conditions- Adult Health Library
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Environmental Medicine
Accomplishments of Environmental Medicine
Accomplishments of Environmental Medicine Since its establishment in 1966, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences has sponsored successful programs to: Describe 11 important categories of diseases and other health consequences of global climate change Identify liver enzymes which decrease drug metabolism Collaborate with other agencies to use state-of-the art technology to evaluate possible chemical and environmental toxins Study how the environment and genes together affect the chance ...
Air Pollution
Air Pollution What is air pollution? Air pollution is the presence of noxious substances in the air that we breathe. National agencies and organizations report the following: Over 100 million tons of pollution is emitted into the atmosphere in the US each year. (Environmental Protection Agency) According to the 2011 State of the Air report, more than 154 million Americans live in areas of unhealthy levels of ozone or particle pollution. (American Lung Association) The health effects on people because of...
Asthma Triggers
Asthma Triggers According to the latest information available from the American Lung Association, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, almost 25 million people in the United States have been diagnosed with asthma, and 7 million of them children under the age of 18. Both in the U.S. and in other developed countries, there has been a significant increase in asthma both as an illness and a cause of death. Yet outdoor air quality has ...
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning What causes carbon monoxide poisoning? Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless gas that can be created whenever a fuel (such as wood, gasoline, coal, natural gas, or kerosene) is burning. Breathing in carbon monoxide fumes not only prevents oxygen from being used properly by the body, but also causes harm to the central nervous system. Persons with existing health problems such as heart and lung disease are especially vulnerable, as are infants, children, pregnant women, ...
Conditions Investigated by Environmental Medicine Programs
Conditions Investigated by Environmental Medicine Programs What types of conditions do environmental medicine programs investigate? The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health has identified the following conditions as being caused or affected by environmental factors. These and other conditions are under investigation for information that will lead to new evaluation procedures, prevention protocols, and treatment plans. Allergies and asthma Alzheimer's d...
Current Investigations in Environmental Medicine
Current Investigations in Environmental Medicine The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is currently investigating the following: Birth and developmental defects, sterility, breast and testicular cancers NIEHS research seeks to discover how chemicals in the environment, including pesticides that mimic the hormone estrogen, might cause or stimulate these diseases. The health of our oceans The state of our ocean's resources are linked to ...
Electric and Magnetic Fields
Electric and Magnetic Fields Electric and magnetic fields and your health: There has been a fear that electric and magnetic fields (EMF) from power lines in residential areas may be linked to cancer and other diseases in humans. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) conducted a six-year research and evaluation program on EMF associated with power line frequencies and concluded that the evidence for a risk of cancer and other human disease from the EMF around power lines is weak...
Environmental Disease Factors
Environmental Disease Factors Many environmental factors affect our health. Listed in the directory below are some, for which we have provided a brief overview. Molds in the Environment Air Pollution Asthma Triggers Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Lead Poisoning Radon Multiple Chemical Sensitivity Electric and Magnetic Fields Gulf War Syndrome
Epidemiology
Epidemiology What is epidemiology? Epidemiology is the study of the occurrence of disease in people, and the application of that information to the control of health problems. Epidemiological studies look at large numbers of people (a population, as opposed to an individual) to study the association between exposure to a substance or event with the occurrence of an identified disease. Most health regulations today are based on epidemiological studies. It is the most common method of determining the caus...
Glossary - Environmental Medicine
Glossary - Environmental Medicine | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | A [return to top] Air pollution - the presence of noxious substances in the air that we breathe. Allergen - the substance that triggers an allergic reaction. Allergy - an acquired, abnormal immune response to a substance that can cause a broad range of inflammatory reactions. Asthma - a chronic, inflammatory lung dis...
Gulf War Syndrome
Gulf War Syndrome What is Gulf War syndrome? Gulf War syndrome is a widely used term to refer to the unexplained illnesses occurring in veterans of the 1991 Gulf War. What are the symptoms of Gulf War syndrome? The following are the most common symptoms of Gulf War syndrome. However, each person experiences symptoms differently. Symptoms may include: Fatigue Musculoskeletal pain Cognitive problems Skin rashes Diarrhea Symptoms of Gulf War syndrome may resemble other medical conditions. Always consult yo...
Home Page - Environmental Medicine
Topic Index Conditions Investigated by Environmental Medicine Programs Accomplishments of Environmental Medicine Programs Epidemiology Current Investigations in Environmental Medicine Environmental Disease Factors Glossary According to the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), human health and human disease result from three interactive elements -- environmental factors, individual susceptibility, and age. Environmental medicine is the health care specialty concerned with human il...
Lead Poisoning
Lead Poisoning The danger of lead poisoning: According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, lead poisoning, once a major environmental health hazard, has declined greatly in the past two to three decades. In 1978, elevated levels of lead in the blood occurred in three million to four million children in the U.S. However, that number decreased to approximately 310,000 children poisoned each year, and the number continues to decrease. The Advisory Committee on Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention s...
Molds in the Environment
Molds in the Environment What is mold? A mold is a microscopic fungus that grows and lives on plant or animal matter or on nonorganic objects. Most molds are made up of filaments and reproduce through the production of spores, which spread by air, water, or insects. There are many thousands of species of fungi. Common indoor molds include: Alternaria Aspergillus Cladosporium Mucor Penicillium Molds are found everywhere in the environment, both indoors and outdoors, and throughout the year. What are comm...
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity It is known that chemicals cause many human diseases. Some of the chemicals that have been documented to be dangerous to human exposure include: Tobacco smoke--the major cause of lung cancer Asbestos--causes mesothelioma, an unusual tumor of the linings of the chest and abdominal cavity, lung cancer, asbestosis, and an increased risk of gastrointestinal cancer Kepone--causes infertility in men and neurological disorders Dibromochloropropane--causes infertility in men Exposu...
Online Resources - Environmental Medicine
Online Resources - Environmental Medicine This Web was compiled from a variety of sources including the online resources listed below, but is not intended to substitute or replace the professional medical advice you receive from your health care provider. The content provided here is for informational purposes only, and was not designed to diagnose or treat a health problem or disease. Please consult your health care provider with any questions or concerns you may have regarding your condition. This pag...
Radon
Radon What is radon? Radon is a cancer-causing, radioactive gas. It comes from the natural (radioactive) breakdown of uranium in soil, rock, and water and is released into the air we breathe. Radon is found all over the United States--in buildings, homes, offices, and schools--and can reach drastically high levels, causing a major health concern. It is estimated to cause 15,000 to 21,000 lung cancer deaths in this country annually, according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). How does radon g...
Topic Index - Environmental Medicine
Topic Index - Environmental Medicine Environmental Medicine Home Conditions Investigated by Environmental Medicine Programs Accomplishments of Environmental Medicine Programs Epidemiology Current Investigations in Environmental Medicine Environmental Disease Factors Molds in the Environment Air Pollution Asthma Triggers Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Lead Poisoning Radon Multiple Chemical Sensitivity Electric and Magnetic Fields Gulf War Syndrome Glossary
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