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Diseases & Conditions- Adult Health Library
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Glossary
A
A | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Abdomen - area of the body between the chest and the hips that contains the stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen. Abdominal bracing - technique of tensing the stomach muscles to support the spine. Abdominal hysterectomy - a procedure in which the uterus is removed through the abdomen via a surgical inc...
B
B | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Bacteremia - the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream. Balance - biological system that enables individuals to know where their bodies are in the environment and to maintain a desired position; normal balance depends on information from the labyrinth in the inner ear, and from other senses such as sight and touch, as well as from muscle movement...
C
C | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | CA-125 test - A blood test to detect an elevated level of a protein antigen called CA-125 (cancer antigen 125), which may indicate the presence of ovarian cancer, among other disorders. This test is often used to follow women who have already been diagnosed with ovarian cancer, to monitor their status after treatment. Calcification - the gathering ...
D
D | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | DDS - Doctor of Dental Surgery; a dentist. Debridement - the surgical removal of foreign material and/or dead, damaged, or infected tissue from a wound or burn. Decibel - unit of measuring the intensity or loudness of sound. Deciduous teeth - also known as "baby" or primary teeth. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) - blockage of the deep veins; particularl...
E
E | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | E. coli O157:H7 - a strain of a species of bacteria found in the intestines of man and healthy cattle; often the cause of urinary tract infections, diarrhea in infants, and wound infections. E. coli 0157:H7 is one of the toxin-producing strains of E. coli and can cause more serious illness than other strains. Ear infection - presence and growth of ...
F
F | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Facial implant - cosmetic plastic surgery done to change the shape of the chin, check, or jaw. This procedure is typically done to enhance certain facial features, or to bring a certain aspect of the face into proportion with the rest of the facial structures. Factor - a protein in the blood that is needed to form a blood clot to stop excessive los...
G
G | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Gait - pattern of walking or locomotion. galactose - a type of sugar in milk products and sugar beets, also produced within the body. Galactosemia - an inherited condition in which galactose builds up in the body, caused by a lack of one of the enzymes needed to breakdown galactose into glucose. Gallbladder - organ that stores the bile made in the ...
Glossary - Comprehensive Glossary - Home
Comprehensive Glossary - Home | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z |
H
H | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | H2-blockers - medications used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) that decrease the amount of acid made by the stomach. The stomach lining has sites that react to a chemical normally found in the body called histamine. When histamine attaches to these sites, the stomach produces acid that aids in digestion of food. H2-blockers prevent ...
I
I | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | IBCLC - International Board Certified Lactation Consultant. IBCLC is a credential granted to a health care provider who specializes in breastfeeding management and care. The credential is granted by the International Board of Lactation Consultant Examiners after a candidate has successfully completed an exam, for which the candidate must qualify by...
J
J | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Jaundice - a yellow discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes due to abnormally high levels of bilirubin (bile pigmentation) in the bloodstream. Jejunostomy - a procedure to create an opening in the jejunum (a part of the small intestine) to a hole (stoma) in the abdomen, to allow for giving nutrition directly into the small intestine when t...
K
K | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Kegel exercises - exercises performed by repeatedly tightening and releasing the muscles of the pelvic floor, in order to help prevent urine leakage and prolapse (dropping down out of the pelvis) of pelvic organs such as the uterus. Keloids - smooth, pink, raised, firm, fibrous growths on the skin that form after a skin injury or surgical wound. Ke...
L
L | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Labia - the folds of skin at the opening of the vagina (and other organs). Labyrinth - the bony structure of the inner ear. The labyrinth consists of three semicircular canals, the cochlea, and the vestibule. The functions of the labyrinth include both hearing and balance. Labyrinthine hydrops - excessive fluid in the organ of balance (labyrinth) t...
M
M | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Macrodactyly - a congenital problem in which there is an abnormal growth of a finger or toe. Macrosomia - a condition in which a baby is considerably larger than normal at birth. Macula - a small spot inside the eye on the retina that provides the most visual detail. Macular degeneration - an eye condition in which degeneration in the macular regio...
N
N | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Narcissistic personality disorder - a condition in which a person has severely overly inflated feelings of self-worth, grandiosity, and superiority over others. People with narcissistic personality disorder often exploit others who fail to admire them, and are overly sensitive to criticism, judgment, and defeat. Nasal - relating to the nose. Nation...
O
O | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Obesity - a condition in which a person's body mass exceeds the norm by a certain amount, as measured by body weight index (BMI). A BMI of 30 or greater is considered obese (normal BMI is less than 25). Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) - an anxiety disorder in which a person has an unreasonable thought, fear, or worry that he/she tries to manage...
P
P | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Pacemaker - an electronic device that is surgically implanted into the patient's chest to regulate heartbeat. Pain - an unpleasant sensory or emotional experience primarily associated with tissue damage, or described in terms of tissue damage, or both. Pain threshold - the least experience of pain that a person can recognize. Pain tolerance level -...
Q
Q | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Qi - Chinese word for life force. Quadriceps - a large, four-part muscle at the front of the thigh that facilitates leg extension. Quadriplegia - loss of movement and sensation in all four limbs.
R
R | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Rabies - a viral infection of warm-blooded animals caused by a virus in the Rhabdoviridae family. Rabies attacks the nervous system and, once symptoms develop, is 100 percent fatal in animals. Humans can be successfully treated to prevent the development of rabies after being bitten by an infected animal, as long as the treatment occurs quickly aft...
S
S | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Saethre-Chotzen - A birth defect characterized by an unusually short or broad head. In addition, the eyes may be spaced wide apart and have droopy eyelids, and fingers may be abnormally short and webbed. Safe sex - taking precautions when having sexual relations to prevent transmission of disease, e.g., using condoms. However, many healthcare profe...
T
T | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | rapid heartbeat. Tachycardia - Tachypnea - Tamoxifen - a drug used in hormone therapy to treat breast cancer that works by blocking the effects of estrogen. Taste - sensation produced by a stimulus applied to the gustatory nerve endings in the tongue; the four tastes are salt, sour, sweet, and bitter; some say there is a fifth taste described as sav
U
U | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Ulcer - an open sore on the skin surface or on the stomach lining. Ulcerative colitis - a serious disease that causes ulcers and irritation in the inner lining of the colon and rectum. Ulnar bone - the longer of the two bones in the forearm. Ultrasound (Also called sonography.) - a diagnostic imaging technique which uses high-frequency sound waves ...
V
V | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Vacuum aspiration - procedure in which a suction tube attached to a vacuum pump is inserted through the vagina into the uterus to loosen and remove its contents. Vacuum extraction - procedure used to ease delivery by applying a metal or plastic cup to the baby's scalp and using suction to pull the baby gradually out of the vagina. Vagina (Also call...
W
W | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Waardenburg syndrome - an inherited syndrome characterized by hearing impairment and albino characteristics such as very pale hair, skin, and/or distinctive blue color to one or both eyes, as well as wide-set inner corners of the eyes. Balance problems are also associated with some types of Waardenburg syndrome. Wart - a non-cancerous skin growth c...
X
X | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | xerostomia - a dry mouth condition; can be caused by a number of things, including rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, kidney failure, infection with HIV (the virus that causes AIDS), drugs used to treat depression, and radiation treatment for mouth or throat cancer. x-ray - a diagnostic test which uses invisible electromagnetic energy beams to produce...
Y
Y | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Yeast infection (Also called Candida.) - one type of vaginitis, most often caused by the Candida albicans fungus, characterized by itching, burning, or redness of the vaginal area. Yellow fever - a viral disease that is transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Yin and Yang - Chinese words for complementary and opposite forces that make up the lif...
Z
Z | A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M | | N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z | Zenker's diverticulum - a pouch in the esophagus resulting from increased pressure in and around the esophagus. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome - a group of symptoms that occur when a tumor called a gastrinoma forms in the pancreas. The tumor releases large amounts of the hormone gastrin, which causes too much acid in the duodenum, resulting in ulcers, ...
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